home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: news.ultranet.com!usenet
- From: "Albert P. Belle Isle" <belleisl@cerberus-sys.com>
- Newsgroups: alt.winsock.trumpet,alt.winsock,comp.dcom.modems
- Subject: Re: My ISP's winsock settings?
- Date: Sat, 17 Feb 1996 10:19:53 -0500
- Organization: Cerberus Systems, Inc.
- Message-ID: <3125F219.3F6C@cerberus-sys.com>
- References: <4g38o9$mk5@zoom2.telepath.com>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: apb-p5-90.cerberus-sys.com
- Mime-Version: 1.0
- Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
- Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
- X-Mailer: Mozilla 2.0 (Win16; I)
-
- michael@intellisys.net wrote:
- >
- > I recently asked my ISP what his winsock settings were so I could try
- > to avoid packet fragmentation, maximize file transfers, etc. They
- > E-mailed me the following:
- > MTU: 1500
- > MSS: 212
- > RWIN: 848
- >
- > From what I've read (on Curt's High Speed Modem FAQ and Al's Winsock
- > Tuning FAQ) these settings seem a little odd to me. I'm no expert by
- > any means, but it sure would be nice to hear from someone who is (AL?
- > Curt? Anybody?) My Trumpet version 2.1f settings are:
- > MTU: 1500
- > MSS: 1460
- > RWIN: 8195
- >
- > Should I leave mine alone or change them to my ISP's settings?
- > Thanks.
- >
- > Michael B. Kintner
- > michael@intellisys.net
- > This space reserved for an appropriately
- > witty, thought provoking, and currently
- > undetermined signature file.
-
- Michael:
-
- The idea of matching your ISP's IP parameters (like MTU) is good general
- practice, since anything you get will be routed through his routers, and you
- might as well look like "one of the guys" on his Local Area Network. (Not
- all transfers use TCP/IP; some use UDP/IP - like RealAudio or VDOLive.)
-
- If you use an MTU the same size as the routers on your access provider's
- Local Area Network (an IP parameter), you can set your MSS (a TCP
- parameter for transfers that might come from outside the LAN over the
- Internet) to anything that will fit in an IP transmission unit no larger
- than that value (LAN MTU - 40), and still look to the LAN like "just
- another member of the family." (The MTU tells the LAN routers "anything
- the other guys can handle, I can." Obviously, a "standard" 536-byte TCP
- segment coming from a site out on the Internet is never going to demand that
- large an IP transmission unit; your present 1460-byte MSS would.)
-
- TCP settings (like MSS/RWIN), however, can be anything that fits in his
- maximum routing packet - i.e. MSS no larger than his MTU minus 40 bytes for
- headers.
-
- The objective is to amortize the header bytes (overhead) over as much real
- data as possible without getting router fragmentation of your packets. In
- other words, the larger MSS is, the smaller the percentage the header bytes
- represent. But, MSS+40 must fit within the MTU of *every* router on the path
- from the download server to you - not just your ISP's.
-
- Your ISP's recommendation will most certainly avoid fragmentation, but will
- result in up to 40/(212+40), or 16% maximum overhead - a bit stiff. I think
- you'll find that just about any path can handle the Internet default MTU 0f
- 576, so setting your MSS=536 will give you better throughput with 7%
- overhead.
-
- You may find that particular paths from servers from which you get very
- large files (like MPEG movies) will handle MSS=1024 or even the MSS=1460. If
- you don't get fragmentation, use the largest you can in those cases. Most of
- the time, if you want a "safe" setting, 536 is good enough. (This will cause
- most servers to respond with either 536- or 512-byte data segments.)
-
- His RWIN of 4 times MSS indicates that your ISP's allocating at least 4
- packet buffers per dial-in connection. Since this is more than the sometimes
- blindly left unchanged default of 3 on some communications servers, it means
- he's set it conciously. This in turn probably means you can use an RWIN of
- as large a multiple of your MSS as you might practically wish.
-
- You may find a multiple of more than 8 or 10 results in sluggish response
- from web-browsing while doing a file download in the background. (Your RWIN
- setting of 5.613 times your MSS leads me to wonder why you'd want every
- sixth TCP data segment to be 0.613 of the size of the others <g>.)
-
- In any case, while mis-tuning can make a 28.8Kbps modem seem a lot slower,
- that connect rate will limit you to uncompressible downloads of
- 3.2KBytes/sec. While there's no limit on how *badly* your winsock can be
- tuned, this does define the best you can do. Once you get that speed, any
- further tuning can't make a modem faster ;-)
-
- Regards,
-
- Al
-
-
- --
- ==================================================================
- Albert P. Belle Isle
- Cerberus Systems, Inc.
-
- Al's Winsock Tuning FAQ -
- http://www.cerberus-sys.com/~belleisl/mtu_mss_rwin.html
- ==================================================================
-